Urban plan Delhi India ENG PDF: Digital Cartography

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Urban plan Delhi India ENG PDF: City Maps for printing, business, logistics 

Delhi India Geography and Climate
The capital of India, Delhi– is the second-largest metropolis after Mumbai. The city is located in the very center of the country on the western bank of the Jamna, a tributary of the Ganges. The main railway, highway, and aviation routes of India are located here.

Delhi is the economic and cultural center of the country, which has absorbed the traditions of Hindu and Islamic cultures.

Sights of Delhi

The modern appearance of the city began to take shape during the reign of the Mughals. The abundance of cultures and religions has made the Indian capital colorful and unlike any other city in the world. Here, the rich architectural heritage could not only be preserved but some monuments of the past are still being used for their intended purpose.

Local temples deserve special mention. Everyone can get into the complexes, regardless of religion. There are restrictions only on the time of the behavior of the services, and it is also necessary to observe the rules of conduct and dress code. Akshardham, Lotus Temple, Gurdwara Bangla Sahib, Jama Masjid Mosque are beautiful both outside and inside. Each religious object has a rich history, reflected in the details of the design.

Akshardham

The temple complex covers an area of 12 hectares. It is called "the residence of God, which cannot be moved." The main temple is a massive structure. Its design combines various Indian styles. Due to its size, it is included in the Guinness Book of Records. It is surrounded by picturesque parks and gardens. Nearby there is a cinema and a light and music fountain. Water was brought to the local lake from many reservoirs of the country.

Red Fort

The attraction dates back to the time of the Mughal rule. The first stone of the citadel was laid in 1639. The name is derived from the color of the walls of the fort. Hindu motifs predominate in architecture, but there are also Persian decorative elements. At the moment it is a tourist destination. However, the place remains iconic: here, on the Independence Day of the country, the Prime Minister reads an address to the nation.

Gateway of India and Rajpath

The Gate of India monument is one of the most recognizable symbols of the city. It was created in honor of the soldiers who died on the fields of the Anglo-Afghan war and the First World War. The massive arch has a height of 42 meters and was inaugurated in 1931. The attraction is located on the "royal road" — this is how the name of the ceremonial Rajpath Avenue is translated. There are parks on both sides of it.

Rashtrapati-Bhavan

One of the largest residences of the head of state in the world. It was built at the beginning of the XX century for the Viceroy of India. When the country gained independence, it was decided to place the state apparatus in the guest wing. The rest of the building is used for receiving official delegations and large events. Getting inside is problematic for an ordinary tourist: only by prior request and at certain times of the year.

Humayun's Tomb

At the initiative of the widow of the Mongol ruler, in 1562, a tomb began to be built for Hamayun, more like a palace. The complex of buildings is surrounded by a garden. It is divided by two channels into four parts. Since Persian architects were responsible for the project, there are details of their culture in the architecture of the main building. There are several other iconic burials near Humayun's tomb, including the tomb of Nila Gumbad.

Lotus Temple

An unusual building appeared in the city in 1986. 27 marble petals are arranged in 3 rows and form a single composition. The height of the temple is about 40 meters. Since a pool is built around it, it seems as if the "flower" is in the water. There are no straight lines inside the premises – this is the idea of the designers. In addition, there are no inscriptions and objects of worship. The worshipper, as it were, communicates directly with God.

Qutb Minaret-Minar

The construction of the tower stretched from 1193 to 1368. The minaret turned out to be five-tiered. To climb to its top, you need to overcome 300 steps. This object was conceived as a symbol of the victory of Islam over other religions. Calls to prayer should have sounded from its top, but the tower came out too big for this purpose. History has preserved references to several suicides who jumped from the minaret.

Chandni Chowk Market

It is located in the district of the same name. The name translates as "moonlit square". Retail shops and pavilions occupy an impressive area. Almost all the goods sold here are locally produced. You can find anything on the market: traditional spices, freshly cooked food, electronics, national costumes, decorative and applied art objects.

Mahatma Gandhi Memorial

Gandhi's body was cremated at this place in 1948. The memorial is made of marble and is often decorated with flowers. The last words of the Indian leader are engraved on it. They translate as "Oh, God!". The Eternal Flame is burning nearby. The Gandhi National Museum was opened across the street in 1961. Among the exhibits: Mahatma's bed, clothes soaked in his blood, and the bullet that ended his life.

Gandhi Smriti Museum

It was founded in 1973 and occupies the house where Mahatma Gandhi spent his last days and was killed. The museum collection consists of the personal belongings of the Indian leader. A Martyr's Pillar is installed at the place where he was shot. Another notable detail of the house is the column with the image of a swastika. It shows how much the original meaning of the symbol can be changed. The Om sound symbol is also applied to the column.

National Museum of India

At the end of the 40s, a large exhibition "The Art of India" was held in London. Since it was a success, they decided to move the exposition to Delhi and place it in the presidential residence. This became the basis for the creation of a full-fledged museum, which opened in 1949, and 11 years later occupied the current building. At the moment, 200 thousand exhibits tell about 5 thousand years of Indian history and culture.

India / Geographical location, area, borders

India occupies most of the South Asia region within three major orographic areas: the Himalayan Mountains, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and the Deccan Plateau on the Hindustan Peninsula (which occupies its inner part). It extends from the north from 37°06' to 80°4' north latitude for 3,214 km and from the west from 68°07' to 97°25' east longitude for 2,933 km. Its area is 3,287,263 km2 (taking into account the 83,787 km2 part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, which is held by Pakistan, and the 37,555 km2 part of the same state, which is held by the PRC; from the point of view of the Republic of India, these territories are illegally occupied and New Delhi is considered its own).

In fact, India's sovereignty extends to an area of 3,166 thousand km2. The total length of India's borders is 14,103 km. In the northwest, India borders Pakistan (the length of the border is 2,912 km), in the north — Bhutan (605 km), China (3,380 km) and Nepal (1,690 km), in the east — Bangladesh, and Myanmar (4,053 km and 1,463 km, respectively). From the south, it is washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean, in the west by the waters of the Arabian Sea of the Indian Ocean, in the east by the Bay of Bengal of the Indian Ocean. The seashore accounts for about 5,686 km (according to other sources, 6,083 km).

The capital is New Delhi.

Population. India is the second-most populous country in the World. The last census was conducted in 2021 (the 14th in a row). According to its data, the population was 1,128,610,328 people. According to estimates for the middle of 2021, the population was 1,191.029 million people.

According to estimates for the middle of 2021, natural population growth was 1.6%; birth rate per 1,000 people - 23; mortality per 1,000 people - 7; the share of the population under 15 years of age - 32%, 65 years and older - 5%. The average life expectancy in India is 64 years; for men, this figure is 63 years, for women - 65 years. 29% of the population lives in cities.

India is a multinational country. The main ethnic groups living in India include Hindustanis, Punjabis, Bengalis, Marathis, Gujaratis, Assamese, Kashmiris, Telugu, Tamils, Malayalis and a number of others. The small peoples of the Mongoloid group, living mainly in the northeastern part of the country, include Manipur's, Nagas, Mizo, Tipera, and a number of others.

According to the UN Human Development Report 2021, the literacy rate of the adult population (15 years and older) in India was 66.0% (estimated). The total number of students in primary, secondary and higher educational institutions is 61.0%, the education level index is 0.643.

According to the UN Human Development Report 2021, the Human Development Index (HDI) for India was 0.612, which allowed it to take 134th place in the world (out of 182) in the overall ranking of countries by this indicator (a group of countries with an average level of human development).

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