Urban plan Saint Petersburg Version 4

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Urban plan Saint Petersburg Vector Map Version 4

St. Petersburg is the second-largest city in Russia. It was founded on May 16, 1703 under Peter I, when, after defeating the Swedes, he decided to lay the Peter and Paul Fortress on Hare Island. From the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia. In 1945, after the Great Patriotic War, he received the title of hero city. St. Petersburg is located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland, and Lake Ladoga is located to the east, because of this, the city is very often called "Venice of the North". The weather here is special, with its own microclimate, quite humid, summer is warm, and winter is moderately cold. Tourists especially like to come to St. Petersburg in the summer, when the period of white nights comes, they last from May 25 to July 16. At this time, the sun sinks below the horizon by no more than 9 degrees, and it becomes light at night. The Neva River is the main waterway of St. Petersburg. It stretches within the city for 32 km, on average its width is 600 m, depth is 24 m. Floods often occur in autumn. In 1824, the water rose by 4 meters.

The longest bridge of the city, the Alexander Nevsky Bridge, 909 m long, spans the Neva River. There are many bridges in the city, the most famous of them is the Palace Bridge. The silhouette of the two separated halves of the bridge, with the thin spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral sparkling in the middle, has long been the hallmark of the city. At the Anichka Bridge there is a parking lot of excursion motor ships that will take you along the waterways of the city. Anichkov Bridge is the oldest of the bridges in St. Petersburg. He is known for the sculpture groups "The Taming of the Horse by man", created by the famous sculptor Klodt. These bronze sculptures were installed on the bridge in 1941. In total, there are about 53 rivers in St. Petersburg. The city is located on 47 islands. The largest islands are Vasilevsky and Petrogradsky. Vasilievsky Island in the time of Peter I was to become the administrative and cultural center of the city. Two Rostral Columns are installed on its Arrow - giant lighthouses 32 meters high, designed by Thomas de Thomon in 1810. Sculptural images on lighthouses remind of Russian naval victories. At the foot of the columns are monumental statues - symbols of the Russian rivers Volga, Dnieper, Neva and Volkhov, and the columns themselves are decorated with the image of anchors and rosters - the bow parts of ships made of forged metal. The Exchange Building, the Central Naval Museum and the Central Museum of Soil Science are also located on the island. Dokuchaeva.

Nevsky Prospekt is the central thoroughfare of St. Petersburg, which has a length of 4260 meters and starts from the Admiralty, ending near the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Walking along it, you will see the building of the former merchant bank, where Aeroflot is now located, house No. 18, where A.S. Pushkin visited shortly before the duel, the building of the Dutch church, Stroganov Palace, the ensemble of the Lutheran Church of Saints Peter and Paul, the famous Kazan Cathedral (the burial place of Field Marshal Kutuzov), "Engelhardt House", where the Small Hall of the St. Petersburg Philharmonic, the Church of St. Catherine, the Armenian Church, the City Duma building crowned with a tower, Gostiny Dvor, the pAssage department store, the Ostrovsky Square ensemble with a Public Library building and a monument to Catherine II, Anichkov Palace, the Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace, Vosstaniya Square with the Moscow Railway Station and the Alexander Nevsky Lavra complex.

The most famous and most visited attraction of St. Petersburg is the Winter Palace. It was built by architect Rastrelli in 1754-1762 in the Baroque style and was conceived as the winter residence of the Russian emperors. In 1837 there was a fire and all the interior was destroyed. It was later restored. Now the State Hermitage Museum is located here. The Hermitage was founded in 1764. The Hermitage collection began with a collection of paintings by the merchant Gotzkowsky, which Prince V.S. Dolgoruky bought in Berlin at the request of Catherine. Hermitage means "solitude" in French. And in fact, at first the Empress admired the paintings herself, but already in the 19th century the museum was opened to the general public. In total, the Hermitage occupies 6 buildings along the Neva embankment. Here is the largest collection of ancient monuments and the world's largest collection of Scythian-Sarmatian antiquities ("Scythian gold"). The main facade faces the Palace Square. Palace Square is the main square of St. Petersburg. In honor of the victory over Napoleon in the War of 1812, the Alexander Column or the "Pillar of Alexandria" was erected in the center of the Palace Square. The column reaches 47 meters in height - it is the world's tallest monument of this kind. It is crowned by the figure of an angel with the face of Emperor Alexander I. The column weighs 600 tons. It is not dug into the ground and is not reinforced on the foundation, but is held solely due to accurate calculation and its own weight.

The oldest building in St. Petersburg is the Peter and Paul Fortress, it was with its construction that the life of the city began. The fortress was supposed to protect the banks of the Neva River from Swedish raids. To this day, the bell tower with a gilded spire, a cross and the figure of an angel is a symbol of St. Petersburg. Previously, the fortress was the tomb of Russian tsars and members of the royal family, later it became a prison for political criminals, and in 1924 - a museum. Every day, a "messenger" cannon is fired from the Naryshkin bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress at 12 o'clock.

St. Petersburg is extremely beautiful in architectural terms. St. Isaac's Cathedral is very interesting. The current cathedral is the fourth building in a row, which was erected in the middle of the 19th century by the architect Auguste Montferrand. The first building was made of wood, it was ordered to be built by Peter I in honor of his patron saint Isaac of Dalmatia. The height of St. Isaac's Cathedral is 102 m, it is lined with gray marble and decorated with 48 columns of red granite, the diameter of its golden dome is 22m. Artists K.P. Bryullov, F.A. Bruni, V.K. took part in the interior design. Shebuyev et al .

The Church of the Savior on Blood, also known as the Church of the Ascension of Christ, was erected on the site of the murder of Alexander III. Then, on March 1, 1881, by the verdict of the secret terrorist organization Narodnaya Volya, he was killed by an explosion of an abandoned bomb. This is a nine-domed single-altar church. The inside of it is covered with a mosaic, and outside, under the bell tower, at the site of the emperor's fatal wound, there is a "Crucifixion with the upcoming" with a cross made of marble and granite.

Be sure to visit the Menshikov Palace, which is located on the University Embankment of St. Petersburg. Its construction began in 1710. At that time it was the most elegant building in St. Petersburg in the Baroque style, because it was built for the favorite of Peter I. Foreign ambassadors were received here, so the palace was often called the Embassy House. Now a branch of the State Hermitage Museum has been opened here, where many unique objects of applied art, clocks of that time, samples of weapons, astronomical instruments and a collection of paintings, among which there are especially many works by outstanding Dutch masters. Prince Menshikov's favorite room was the Walnut Study, the decoration of which is made of rare varieties of wood with bronze and tortoiseshell applications.

Another symbol of the city is the Bronze Horseman monument, cast according to the project of the sculptor Etienne Falcone. The monument depicts Peter I riding on a rampant horse. The emperor's head is crowned with a laurel crown - a symbol of his glory and victories, and the tsar's hand, pointing to the Neva, the Academy of Sciences and the Peter and Paul Fortress, symbolically denotes the main goals of his reign: enlightenment, trade and military power. The monument was opened on August 7, 1782.

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Saint Petersburg
City in Russia
St. Petersburg is a Russian port city on the Baltic Sea. It was the imperial capital for 2 centuries, having been founded in 1703 by Peter the Great, subject of the city’s iconic “Bronze Horseman” statue. It remains Russia’s cultural center, with venues like the ultramodern Mariinsky Theatre hosting opera and ballet, and the State Russian Museum showcasing Russian art, from Orthodox icon paintings to Kandinsky works.

Площадь 1403 км²
Высота центра 3 м

Население 5 281 579 человек
Плотность 3764,49 чел./км²